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试验项目
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章节号
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标准要求
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Test A: Altitude
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6.4.1
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a) Purpose
This test simulates air transport under low pressure conditions.
b) Test procedure
Test cells and batteries shall be stored at a pressure of 11.6 kPa or less for at least 6 h at ambient temperature.
c) Requirements
There shall be no mass loss, no leakage, no venting, no short-circuit, no rupture, no explosion and no fire during this test.
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Test B: Thermal cycling
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6.4.2
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a) Purpose
This test assesses cell and battery seal integrity and that of their internal electrical connections. The test is conducted using temperature cycling.
b) Test procedure
Test cells and batteries shall be stored for at least 6 h at a test temperature of 75 °C, followed by storage for at least 6 h at a test temperature of –40 °C. The maximum time for transfer to each temperature shall be 30 min. Each test cell and battery shall undergo this procedure 10 times. This is then followed by storage for at least 24 h at ambient temperature.
For large cells and batteries the duration of exposure to the test temperatures shall be at least 12 h instead of 6 h.
The test shall be conducted using the test cells and batteries previously subjected to the altitude test.
c) Requirements
There shall be no mass loss, no leakage, no venting, no short-circuit, no rupture, no explosion and no fire during this test.
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Test C: Vibration
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6.4.3
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a) Purpose
This test simulates vibration during transport. The test condition is based on the range of vibrations as given by ICAO [2].
b) Test procedure
Test cells and batteries shall be firmly secured to the platform of the vibration machine without distorting them and in such a manner as to faithfully transmit the vibration. Test cells and batteries shall be subjected to sinusoidal vibration according to Table 5. This cycle shall be repeated 12 times for a total of 3 h for each of three mutually perpendicular mounting positions. One of the directions shall be perpendicular to the terminal face.
The test shall be conducted using the test cells and batteries previously subjected to the thermal cycling test.
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Frequency range
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Amplitudes
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Duration of logarithmic
sweep cycle
(7 Hz – 200 Hz – 7 Hz)
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Axis
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Number
Of cycles
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from
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to
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f1 = 7 Hz
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f2
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a1 = 1 gn
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gn
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X
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12
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f2
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F3
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s = 0,8 mm
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Y
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12
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F3
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f4 = 200 Hz
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a2 = 8 gn
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Z
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12
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and back to f1 = 7 Hz
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Total
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36
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NOTE Vibration amplitude is the maximum absolute value of displacement or acceleration. For example, a displacement amplitude of 0,8 mm corresponds to a peak-to-peak displacement of 1,6 mm.
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Key
f1, f4: lower and upper frequency
f2, f3: cross-over frequencies (f2 ≈ 17,62 Hz, f3 ≈ 49,84 Hz)
a1, a2: acceleration amplitude
s: displacement amplitude
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c) Requirements
There shall be no mass loss, no leakage, no venting, no short-circuit, no rupture, no explosion and no fire during this test.
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Test D: Shock
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6.4.4
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a) Purpose
This test simulates rough handling during transport.
b) Test procedure
Test cells and batteries shall be secured to the testing machine by means of a rigid mount which will support all mounting surfaces of each test cell or battery. Each test cell or battery shall be subjected to 3 shocks in each direction of three mutually perpendicular mounting positions of the cell or battery for a total of 18 shocks. For each shock, the parameters given in Table 6 shall be applied.
Table 6 – Shock parameters
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Waveform
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Peak
acceleration
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Pulse duration
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Number of shocks
per half axis
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Cells or batteries except large ones
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Half
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150 gn
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6 ms
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3
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Large cells or batteries
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Half
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50 gn
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11 ms
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3
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The test shall be conducted using the test cells and batteries previously subjected to the vibration test.
c) Requirements
There shall be no mass loss, no leakage, no venting, no short-circuit, no rupture, no explosion and no fire during this test.
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Test E: External short-circuit
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6.4.5
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a) Purpose
This test simulates conditions resulting in an external short-circuit.
b) Test procedure
The test cell or battery shall be stabilized at an external case temperature of 55 °C and then subjected to a short-circuit condition with a total external resistance of less than 0,1 Ω at 55 °C. This short-circuit condition is continued for at least 1 h after the cell or battery external case temperature has returned to 55 °C.
The test sample shall be observed for a further 6 h.
The test shall be conducted using the test samples previously subjected to the shock test.
c) Requirements
There shall be no excessive temperature rise, no rupture, no explosion and no fire during this test and within the 6 h of observation.
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Test F: Impact
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6.4.6
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a) Purpose
This test simulates an internal short-circuit.
NOTE The impact test has been included in IEC 62281 [11] for the purpose of harmonization with the transport tests described in the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Manual of Tests and Criteria [17]. It has been evaluated by the IEC and found to be more appropriately described as a misuse test than a transport test. It could not be verified that it truly simulates an internal short-circuit condition. It was, however, found that for some cell designs, the crush test is more appropriate to simulate an internal short-circuit condition .Therefore, the crush test is provided as an alternative test method to simulate an internal short-circuit.
b) Test procedure
The test cell or component cell is placed on a flat plate. A steel bar with a diameter of 15,8 mm is placed across the centre of the test sample. A mass of 9,1 kg is dropped from a height of 61 cm ± 2,5 cm onto the bar on the test sample.
A cylindrical or prismatic cell is impacted with its longitudinal axis parallel to the flat plate and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the bar lying across the centre of the test sample. A prismatic cell is also rotated 90° around its longitudinal axis so that both the wide and narrow sides will be subjected to the impact. A button cell is impacted with its flat surface parallel to the flat plate and the bar lying across its centre.
Each test cell or component cell shall be subjected to one impact only.
The test sample shall be observed for a further 6 h.
The test shall be conducted using test cells or component cells that have not been previously subjected to other tests.
The test shall not be applied to cells where it does not appropriately simulate an internal short-circuit condition.
c) Requirements
There shall be no excessive temperature rise, no explosion and no fire during this test and within the 6 h of observation.
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Test T-7: Overcharge
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6.5.1
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a) Purpose
This test evaluates the ability· of a secondary (rechargeable) battery to withstand an overcharge condition.
b) Test procedure
The charge current shall be twice' the manufacturer's recommended maximum continuous charge current. The minimum voltage~f the test shall be as' follows: .
1) when the manufacturer's recommended ·charge voltage is not more than 18 V, the minimum voltage of the test shall be the lesser of two times the maximum charge voltage of the battery or 22 V;
2) when the manufacturer's recommended charge voltage is more than 18 V, the voltage of the test shall be not less than 1.2 times the maximum charge voltage.
The test shall be conducted at ambient temperature. The charging condition shall be maintained for at least 24 h. The test batteries shall be observed during 7 days after the overcharging condition has 'been discontinued.
c) Requirements
There shall be no explosion and no fire during this test and within the 7 days of observation.
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Te~t T-8: Forced discharge
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6.5.2
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a) Purpose
This test evaluates the ability of a primary or a secondary (rechargeable) cell to withstand a forced discharge condition.
b) Test procedure
Each cell shall be forced discharged at ambient temperature by connecting it in series with a 12 V' direct current power supply at an initial current equal to the maximum continuous discharge current specified by the manufacturer.
The specified discharge current is obtained by connecting a resistive load of appropriate size and rating· in series with the test cell. and the direct current power supply. Each cell shall be forced discharged for a time interval equal to its rated capacity divided by the initial test current. The test cells shall be observed during 7 days after the forced discharge condition has been discontinued.
c)requirements
There shall be no explosion and no fire during this test, nor within the 7 days of observation.
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Test P-1: Drop test
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6.6.1
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a) Purpose
This test assesses the ability of the packaging to prevent damage during rough handling.
NOTE Additional tests for packaging of dange ous goods are given in UN Model Regulations, section 6.1.53. See also the regulations mentioned in 7.3 below
b) Test procedure
A package (typically the final outer packaging, not palletized loads) filled with cells or batteries as offered for transport shall be dropped from a height of 1:2 m onto -a concrete surface in such a manner that any of its corners first touches the ground.
The test shall be conducted using test cells or batteries that have not been previously subjected to a transport test.
c) Requirements
There shall be no shifting, no distortion, no mass loss, no leakage, no venting, no short-circuit,no excessive temperature rise, no rupture, no explosion and no fire during this test.
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