PSE 日本产品安全标志

试验项目

章节号

标准要求

Continuous charging at constant voltage

2.1

Cells charged under the conditions specified in Annex Table 1-2 (hereafter called "the charged cells") shall not fire, explode, or leak after being charged at constant voltage for 28 days.

Vibration

2.2

Cells and batteries charged under the conditions specified in Annex Table 1-2 (hereafter called "the charged cells or batteries") shall not fire, explode, or leak when tested under the following test conditions:

a) A simple harmonic motion with an amplitude of 0.76 mm and a total maximum excursion of 1.52 mm shall be applied to the charged cells.

b) The frequency shall be increased at a rate of 1 Hz/minute from 10 Hz and reduced at a rate of 1 Hz/minute after it reaches 55 Hz, and then it shall be ensured that the frequency has reached 10 Hz.

c) The entire range of frequency (10 Hz to 55 Hz) shall be tested for 90 ± 5 minutes in each of the three mutually perpendicular directions of vibration (X, Y, and Z axes).

d) The vibration shall be applied in each of mutually perpendicular direction (X, Y, an Z axes) in the sequence specified below according to conditions a) to c) Provided that the order of steps 2 to 4 can be changed.

Step 1: Ensure that the measured voltages of charged cells or batteries are the voltages after charging.

From steps 2 to 4: Apply vibration as specified in Table 1.

Step 5: Leave the charged cells or batteries for one hour, and then conduct a visual inspection.

Battery enclosure test at high ambient temperature

2.3

A battery charged under conditions specified in Annex Table 1-2 (hereafter called "the charged battery") shall be left in an air circulating oven at 70 ± 2°C for seven hours. Then the battery shall be removed from the air circulating oven and the temperature of the battery case shall be returned back to 20 ± 5°C. At that time, said case shall not undergo deformation that exposes the internal contents.

Temperature cycling

2.4

Charged cells or batteries shall not fire, explode, or leak when tested under the following

test conditions:

a) The charged cells or batteries shall be left in a thermostatic oven.

b) The inner temperature of the thermostatic oven, the time it is to be left as is, and the test

procedure shall be as follows:

Step 1:Leave the charged cells or batteries at 75 ± 2°C for four hours.

Step 2: Change the temperature to 20 ± 5°C within 30 minutes and left the equipment for at

least two hours.

Step 3: Change the temperature to – (minus) 20 ± 2°C within 30 minutes and the equipment shall be left for four hours.

Step 4: Change the temperature to 20 ± 5°C within 30 minutes and left the equipment for at

least two hours.

Step 5: Steps 1 to 4 repeat another four times.

Step 6: Store the charged cells at 20 ± 5°C for seven days, and then conduct a visual inspection.

External short circuit 

3.1

Shall conform to a) and b) below

a)       The charged cell shall be left at an ambient temperature of 55 ± 5°C.       With the positive and negative terminals short-circuited via connection to a total external resistance of 80 ± 20 m?, the battery shall be left for 24 hours or until the difference between the surface temperature of the charged cell and the ambient temperature becomes not more than 20%of the maximum difference (whichever is the sooner), and the battery shall not fire or explode.

b)      The charged battery shall be left at an ambient temperature of 20 ± 5°C.         With the positive and negative terminals short-circuited via connection to a total external resistance of 80 ± 20 m?, the battery shall be left for 24 hours or until the difference between the temperature of the battery container and the ambient temperature becomes not more than 20% of the maximum difference (whichever is the sooner ; if the battery incorporates a protective device or protective circuit and the current has stopped, then for one hour after the current stopped), and the battery shall not fire or explode. 

Free fall 

3.2

When the charged cell or battery is dropped three times from a level of 1,000 mm onto a concrete floor in a random direction, the battery shall not fire or explode. Provided that this does not apply to charged batteries weighing more than 7 kg.   

Mechanical shock (crash hazard)

3.3

Charged cells and batteries shall not fire, explode, or leak when tested under the following test conditions:

a) The charged cell or battery shall be secured to on an impact testing machine by means of  a rigid mount.    Then shock of the equal magnitude shall be applied to the battery in each of three mutually perpendicular directions (X, Y, and Z axes).

b) The shock applied to the charged cell or battery shall be accelerated so that the minimum average acceleration will be 735 m/s2 during the first 3 ms. The peak acceleration shall be between 1,228 m/s2 and 1,716 m/s2

Thermal abuse 

3.4

The charged cell at 20 ± 5°C shall be placed in a gravity or circulating air-convention oven. The oven temperature shall then be increased to 130 ± 2°C at a rate of 5 ± 2°C/min., left for 10 minutes, and then the battery shall not fire or explode. 

Crushing of cells 

3.5

The charged cells shall not fire or explode when tested under the following test conditions: 

a)       A charged cell shall be placed between two flat surfaces and a force of 13 ± 1 kN shall be applied by a crushing apparatus. 

b)      b) The force shall be released when any of the following occurs: (1) the maximum force is applied, (2) an abrupt voltage drop of one-third of the original voltage has been obtained, or (3) there is 10% deformation of the battery height. 

c)      Force shall be applied to charged cells so that the longitudinal axis of the cells becomes parallel with the flat surface of the crushing apparatus       For charged cells that are prismatic (hereafter called "the prismatic      cells"), a similar test shall be performed by rotating a cell 90°around its longitudinal axis and it shall be ensured that force is applied to both the wide and narrow sides of the prismatic cells. At that time, one sample shall receive force in a single direction.    

Low pressure

3.6

The cell discharged under the conditions specified in Annex Table 1-2 (including cells equipped with a protective device for use in equipment or batteries; hereafter called "the discharged cells") shall be provided. Then by using a power supply of not less than 10V, the battery shall be energized until it reaches 250% of the rated capacity or the test voltage with the designed charging current, and the battery shall not fire or explode.

Overcharge

3.7

The cell discharged under the conditions specified in Annex Table 1-2 (including cells equipped with a protective device for use in equipment or batteries; hereafter called "the discharged cells") shall be provided. Then by using a power supply of not less than 10V, the battery shall be energized until it reaches 250% of the rated capacity or the test voltage with the designed charging current, and the battery shall not fire or explode.

Forced discharge

3.8

When polarity reversely charged at 1 ItA for 90 minutes, the discharged cell shall not fire or explode. 

Cell protection against a high charging rate

3.9

The discharged cells shall not fire or explode when charged at a current three times the designed charging current, thereby fully charging it, or when a protective device used in the equipment or battery cuts off the charge current.

Forced internal short circuit of cells

3.10

The winding core of a charged cell (except for those whose electrolyte is not liquid) shall not fire when tested according to the test procedure specified below. Note that each test shall use a new sample.

Step 1: At an ambient temperature of 20 ± 5°C and the dew point of -25°C or below, the sample charged cell shall be dismantled and the winding core shall be removed from the charged cell enclosure. Then a small L-shaped piece of metallic nickel (0.2-mm high by 0.1-mm wide, with each side 1-mm long) shall be inserted between the positive active material and negative active material as laid out in Table 2. If uncoated current collector of positive electrode is faced an active material coated negative electrode, said   position shall be tested as well. Provided that, if inserting a small piece of metallic nickel as laid out in Table 2 makes the test difficult, then it is permissible to use a pressing jig as shown in Table 2, laid out so that pressure can be applied with the winding core in contact with the center of the inserted part of the small piece of metallic nickel.

Step 2: After inserting the small piece, the winding core shall be reassembled to its original form, and sealed into a bag without permeability of electrolyte vapors. The time period between dismantling of the charged cell and closing of the bag shall be within 30 minutes.   

Step 3: The closed bag containing the winding core shall be stored for 45 ± 15 minutes at each the highest test temperature and the lowest test temperature specified in Annex Table 1-2. Then the winding core shall be taken out from the bag. 

Step 4: Immediately after taking out the winding core from the bag, a pressing jig as shown in Table 2 shall touch on the winding core, where said small piece of metallic nickel is inserted, and the pressing jig shall be lowered at a rate of 0.1mm/second at the highest and the lowest test temperatures specified in Annex Table 1-2.      

Step 5: The lowering of the pressing jig shall be stopped when a voltage drop of over 50 mV is obtained or the pressure reaches 800 N (whichever occurs earlier). Provided that, for prismatic cells, the lowering of the pressing jig shall be stopped when the pressure reaches 400 N.   

Step 6: The test shall be conducted from steps 1 to 5 until five samples prove to have undergone a voltage drop. Provided that there is a maximum number of ten test samples.  

Table 2   Position of insertion in forced internal short circuit test and usage of pressing jig 

Function of the overcharge protection of batteries

3.11

When tested at an ambient temperature of 20 ± 5°C by using any method specified below, the cell block in the battery shall not exceed the upper limited charging voltage specified in Annex Table 1-2.   

a) For batteries made of a one cell block, the voltage applied to the cell block during charging shall be measured. 

b) For batteries consisting of a series of two pieces or more of cell blocks, it shall be charged while measuring the voltage of each cell block and at the same time, one cell block shall forcibly be discharged and the voltages of the other cell blocks shall gradually be measured. 

c) For batteries consisting of a series of connection of two pieces or more of cell blocks, a voltage exceeding the upper limited charging voltage specified in Annex Table 1-2 shall be applied to the cell block while measuring the voltage of each cell block. When the charging stops, the voltage shall be measured. 

Free fall of appliance

3.12

The charged batteries shall not undergo short-circuiting when tested under the conditions specified below. At an ambient temperature of 20 ± 5°C, according to the appliance specified in the left field of Table 3, the charged battery shall be installed in appliance to be used, and shall be dropped once onto a concrete floor or iron plate in a direction considered to most likely

affect the battery in a negative manner  Otherwise, an equivalent load shall be applied to said battery. However, this does not apply to portable appliance including battery weighing more than 7 kg or desktop appliance (excluding for appliance that may be carried around) weighing more than 5 kg including battery.

Table 3    Heights in free fall testing