IEC 61960－2011 《含碱性或其它非酸性电解液的二次电池单体和电池:便携式锂二次电池单体或电池》

试验项目

章节号

标准要求

Marking

5.3

Each cell or battery shall carry clear and durable markings giving the following information:

•-secondary (rechargeable) Li or Li-ion;

•-battery or cell designation as specified in 5.1;

•-polarity;

•-date of manufacture (which may be in code);

•-name or identification of manufacturer or supplier.

Battery markings shall provide the following additional information:

•-rated capacity;

•-nominal voltage.

Charging procedure for test purposes

7.2

Prior to charging, the cell or battery shall be discharged at 20 °C±5 °C at a constant current of 0,2 It A, down to a specified end-of-discharge voltage.

Unless otherwise stated in this standard, cells or batteries shall be charged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, using the method declared by the manufacturer.

Discharge performance at 20 °C (rated capacity)

7.3.1

This test verifies the rated capacity of a cell or battery.

Step 1 – The cell or battery shall be charged in accordance with 7.2.

Step 2 – The cell or battery shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for not less than 1 h and not more than 4 h.

Step 3 – The cell or battery shall be discharged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, until its voltage is equal to the specified end-of-discharge voltage.

Step 4 – The capacity (Ah) delivered during step 3 shall be not less than 100 % of the rated capacity declared by the manufacturer. Steps 1 to 4 may be repeated up to four additional times, as necessary to satisfy this requirement.

Discharge performance at –20 °C

7.3.2

This test determines the capacity of the cell or battery at a low temperature.

Step 1 – The cell or battery shall be charged in accordance with 7.2.

Step 2 – The cell or battery shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of −20 °C ± 2 °C, for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.

Step 3 – The cell or battery shall be discharged, in an ambient temperature of −20 °C ± 2 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, until its voltage is equal to the specified end-of-discharge voltage.

Step 4 – The capacity (Ah), delivered during step 3, shall be not less than that specified for this characteristic in Table 5.

High rate discharge performance at 20 °C

7.3.3

This test determines the capacity of a cell or battery when discharged at a high rate. This test is not required if the cell or battery is not designed to be used at this rate.

Step 1 –The cell or battery shall be charged in accordance with 7.2.

Step 2 –The cell or battery shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for not less than 1 h and not more than 4 h.

Step 3 –The cell or battery shall be discharged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 1,0 It A, until its voltage is equal to the specified end-of-discharge voltage.

Step 4 – The capacity (Ah) delivered during step 3 shall be not less than that specified for this characteristic in Table 5.

Charge (capacity) retention and recovery

7.4

This test determines firstly the capacity which a cell or battery retains after storage for an extended period of time, and secondly the capacity that can be recovered by a subsequent recharge.

Step 1 – The cell or battery shall be charged in accordance with 7.2.

Step 2 – The cell or battery shall be stored in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for 28 days.

Step 3 – The cell or battery shall be discharged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, until its voltage is equal to the specified end-of-discharge voltage.

Step 4 – The 28-day retained capacity (Ah) delivered, during step 3, shall be not less than that specified for this characteristic in Table 5.

Step 5 – The cell or battery shall then be charged in accordance with 7.2, within 24 h following the discharge of step 3.

Step 6 – The cell or battery shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for not less than 1 h and not more than 4 h.

Step 7 – The cell or battery shall be discharged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at

a constant current of 0,2 It A, until its voltage is equal to the specified end-of-discharge voltage.

Step 8 – The recovery capacity (Ah) delivered, during step 6, shall be not less than that specified for this characteristic in Table 5.

Charge (capacity) recovery after long term storage

7.5

This test determines the capacity of a cell or battery after extended storage at 50 % state of charge, followed by a subsequent charge.

Step 1 – The cell or battery shall be charged in accordance with 7.2.

Step 2 – The cell or battery shall be discharged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, for 2,5 h.

Step 3 – The cell or battery shall be stored in an ambient temperature of 40 °C ± 2 °C, for 90 days.

Step 4 – The cell or battery shall be charged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, using the method declared by the manufacturer.

Step 5 – The cell or battery shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for not less than 1 h and not more than 4 h.

Step 6 – The cell or battery shall be discharged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, until its voltage is equal to the specified end-of-discharge voltage.

Step 7 – The capacity (Ah) delivered during step 5 shall be not less than that specified for this characteristic in Table 5. Steps 4 and 5 may be repeated up to four additional times, as necessary to satisfy this requirement.

Endurance in cycles

7.6

7.6.1 General

This test determines the number of charge/discharge cycles which a cell or battery can endure before its useful capacity has been significantly depleted or the remaining capacity after a specified number of cycles.

Prior to charging, the cell or battery shall be discharged at 20 °C ± 5 °C at a constant current of 0,2 It A, down to a specified end-of-discharge voltage.

The following endurance test shall then be carried out, irrespective of cell designation, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C. Charge and discharge shall be carried out in accordance with the conditions specified in either Tables 4 or 5.

7.6.2 Endurance in cycles at a rate of 0,2 It A

Table 2 – Endurance in cycles at a rate of 0,2 It A

The total number of cycles obtained when the test is completed shall be not less than that specified for this characteristic in Table 5.

7.6.3 Endurance in cycles at a rate of 0,5 It A (accelerated test procedure)

In order to accelerate the test, following alternative procedures may be carried out as an alternative to 7.6.2.

Table 3 – Endurance in cycles at a rate of 0,5 It A

The remaining capacity obtained when the test is completed shall be not less than that specified for this characteristic in Table 5.

Battery internal resistance

7.7

7.7.1 General

This test determines the internal resistance of a secondary lithium battery by either the alternating current (a.c.) or by the direct current (d.c.) method.

Should the need arise for the internal resistance to be measured by both a.c. and d.c.

methods on the same battery, then the a.c. method shall be used first followed by the d.c.

method. It is not necessary to discharge and charge the battery between conducting a.c. and d.c. measurements.

Step 1 – The battery shall be charged in accordance with 7.2.

Step 2 – The battery shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for not less than 1 h and not more than 4 h.

Step 3 – The measurement of internal resistance shall be performed in accordance with 7.7.2 or 7.7.3 in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C.

7.7.2 Measurement of the internal a.c. resistance

7.7.2.1 Measurement

The alternating r.m.s. voltage, Ua, shall be measured while applying an alternating r.m.s. current, Ia, at the frequency of 1,0 kHz ± 0,1 kHz, to the battery, for a period of 1 s to 5 s.

All voltage measurements shall be made at the terminals of the battery independently of the contacts used to carry current.

The internal a.c. resistance, Rac, is given by:

Rac= Ua/ Ia（Ω）

where

Ua is the alternating r.m.s. voltage;

Ia is the alternating r.m.s. current.

NOTE 1 The alternating current should be selected so that the peak voltage stays below 20 mV.

NOTE 2 This method will in fact measure the impedance, which at the frequency specified, is approximately equal to the resistance.

7.7.2.2 Acceptance criterion

The internal a.c. resistance of the battery shall be not greater than the value of Rac, declared by the manufacturer.

7.7.3 Measurement of the internal d.c. resistance

7.7.3.1 Measurement

The battery shall be discharged at a constant current of I1 = 0,2 It A. At the end of a discharge period of 10 s, the discharge voltage U1 under load shall be measured and recorded. The discharge current shall then be immediately increased to a value of I2 = 1,0 It A and the corresponding discharge voltage U2 measured under load and recorded again at the end of a discharge period of 1 s.

All voltage measurements shall be made at the terminals of the battery independently of the contacts used to carry current.

The internal d.c. resistance, Rdc, of the cell shall be calculated using the following formula:

Rdc=（U1- U2）/（I2- I1）,

where

I1, I2 are the constant discharge currents;

U1, U2 are the appropriate voltages measured during discharge.

7.7.3.2 Acceptance criterion

The internal d.c. resistance of the battery shall be not greater than the value of Rdc, declared by the manufacturer.

Electrostatic discharge (ESD)

7.8

7.8.1 General

This test is to evaluate the ability of a battery to withstand electrostatic discharge. This test shall be conducted on a battery containing electronic protection devices, such as diodes, transistors or integrated circuits.

7.8.2 Test procedure

This test shall be carried out in accordance with IEC 61000-4-2, which concerns electronic discharge requirements (see Clauses 1 to 8).

The batteries shall be tested for contact discharge at 4 kV and air discharge at 8 kV.

7.8.3 Acceptance criterion

The battery shall operate with all protection circuits operational.

Parameter

Acceptance

Reference

subclause

Acceptance

criteria –

cells

criteria –

batteries

Capacity at 20 °C ± 5 °C (rated capacity)

Capacity at -20 °C ± 2 °C

High rate discharge capacity at 20 °C ± 5 °C

Charge (capacity) retention

Charge (capacity) recovery

Capacity recovery after storage

Endurance in cycles

Endurance in cycles (accelerated)

Electrostatic discharge

7.3.1

7.3.2

7.3.3

7.4

7.4

7.5

7.6.2

7.6.3

7.8

100 % C5 Ah

30 % C5 Ah

70 % C5 Ah

70 % C5 Ah

85 % C5 Ah

50 % C5 Ah

400 cycles

60 % C5 Ah

n.a.

100 % C5 Ah

30 % C5 Ah

60 % C5 Ah

60 % C5 Ah

85 % C5 Ah

50 % C5 Ah

300 cycles

60 % C5 Ah

Operational