IEC 61427-1：2013 《Secondary cells and batteries for renewable energy storage – General requirements and methods of test – Part 1： Photovoltaic off-grid application》

试验项目

章节号

标准要求

Capacity test

8.1

Test batteries shall be selected, prepared, installed and tested according to the applicable standards listed in 7.2.

The verification of the rated capacity shall be performed by using a current of I10 (A) for leadacid batteries, 0,2 It(A) for nickel-cadmium, Ni-MH, and Lithium batteries and I10(A) for other batteries according to Table 4 and the relevant clauses of the applicable standards listed in 7.2.

The verification of the long duration capacity shall be performed according to Table 4, by using a current of I120 (A) and the relevant clauses of the applicable standards listed in 7.2.

The charging shall be carried out according to the relevant clauses of the applicable standards listed in 7.2.

Generic cycling endurance test

8.2

The batteries shall be tested for generic cycling endurance according to the clauses, if any, of the applicable standards listed in 7.2.

Charge retention test

8.3

The batteries shall be tested for charge retention according to the clauses, if any, of the applicable standards listed in 7.2.

Cycling endurance test in photovoltaic applications (extreme conditions)

8.4

General

8.4.1

In photovoltaic applications the battery will be exposed to a large number of shallow cycles but at different states of charge. The test below is designed to simulate such service under extreme conditions by submitting the batteries at +40 °C, to several aggregates of discharge/charge cycles each comprising 50 cycles at low state of charge (phase A) and 100 cycles at high state of charge (phase B).

NOTE One set of 150 aggregate cycles is approximately equivalent to 1 year service in a PV energy storage application.

The cells or batteries shall therefore comply with the requirements of the test below, which is a simulation of the photovoltaic energy system operation:

a) the test battery shall be selected, prepared and installed according to the applicable standards listed in 7.2;

b) the test shall be carried out with a battery composed of such a number of cells that its open circuit voltage is > 12 V;

c) the test battery shall meet or exceed the rated capacity value when tested for capacity according to 8.1;

d) the test shall be started with the battery fully charged;

e) the test battery shall be brought to a temperature of +40 °C ± 3 K and stabilized at this temperature for 16 h;

f) the test battery shall be maintained at +40 °C ± 3 K throughout the test phase a) and b).

shallow cycling at low state o 8.4.2 f charge (see Table 5)

8.4.2 Phase A:

8.4.2.1 Lead-acid batteries and other batteries

a) Discharge the battery for 9 h with a current I10 (A)

b) Recharge for 3 h with a current 1,03 I10 (A)

c) Discharge for 3 h with a current I10 (A).

8.4.2.2 Nickel-cadmium, Ni-MH and Lithium batteries

a) Discharge the battery for 9 h with a current 0,1 It (A)

b) Recharge for 3 h with a current 0,103 It (A)

c) Discharge for 3 h with a current 0,1 It (A).

The steps b) and c) shall be repeated 49 times

At the termination of the 49th execution of step c) the test batteries, still at +40 °C ± 3 K, shall be fully charged according to the manufacturers recommendations and then cycling as specified for phase B shall be continued.

shallow cycling at high state of charge (see Table 6)

8.4.3 Phase B:

• Lead-acid batteries and other batteries

a) Discharge the battery for 2 h with a current 1,25 I10

b) Recharge for 6 h with a current I10 (A) until for lead-acid batteries a voltage of 2,40 V/cell is reached, unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer, and then continue charging at 2,40 V/cell until a total charging time of 6 h is reached. For other batteries the charge voltage shall be limited to a safe level as specified by the manufacturer

• Nickel-cadmium, Ni-MH and lithium batteries

a) Discharge the battery for 2 h with a current de 0,125 It (A)

b) Recharge for 6 h with a current 0,1 It (A) until, for vented Ni-Cd batteries, a voltage of 1,55 V/cell is reached unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer, then continue charging at 1,55 V/cell until a total charging time of 6 h is reached.

For Ni-MH and lithium batteries the charge voltage shall be limited to a safe level as specified by the manufacturer.

The steps a) and b) shall be repeated 99 times.

At the termination of the 99th execution of step b) the test battery shall be submitted to a capacity test according to 8.4.4.

capacity determination

8.4.4

a) At the conclusion of phase B, the battery shall be cooled down, under continued charge, to the temperature defined for a capacity test in the applicable standards as listed in 7.2, and then stabilized at this temperature for 16h.

b) The residual capacity test for lead acid and other batteries shall be carried out with the I10 current to 1,80 V × n cells for lead acid batteries and at the 0,2 It current to 1,00 V × n cells for nickel-cadmium, and Ni-MH batteries. For lithium batteries and other batteries the end voltages are defined by the battery manufacturer

c) At the completion of the residual capacity test, and if no condition for test termination is encountered (see below), the batteries shall be recharged according to the manufacturer's specifications and a new set of phase A) cycles initiated.

d) When the residual capacity is found in b) below 80 %, then the fully recharged batteries shall be submitted also to a determination of the C120 capacity according to the relevant standards and data of Table 4.

Preparation and maintenance of test batteries

7.2

The test batteries shall be prepared according to the procedures defined in the following standards or, in their absence, according to the manufacturer’s instructions:

• IEC 60896-11 for stationary lead-acid batteries (vented types);

• IEC 60896-21 for stationary lead-acid batteries (valve-regulated types);

• IEC 61056-1 for portable lead-acid batteries (valve-regulated types);

• IEC 60622 for sealed nickel-cadmium batteries;

• IEC 60623 for vented nickel-cadmium batteries;

• IEC 62259 for nickel cadmium prismatic rechargeable single cells with partial gas recombination;

• IEC 61951-1 for portable nickel-cadmium batteries;

• IEC 61951-2 for portable nickel metal hydride batteries;

• IEC 61960 for portable lithium batteries.

NOTE The IEC 62620 for lithium batteries for use in industrial applications is under development