IEC 60869-11-2002《Stationary lead-acid batteries – Part 11： Vented types – General requirements and methods of tests》

项目名称

章节号

测试方法

Capacity test

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14.2 In order to facilitate temperature readings on a battery, one pilot cell is selected per group of six cells for batteries of 100 cells or less, and per group of 10 cells for batteries of more than 100 cells; the total of the selected cells being considered as representative of the average temperature of the battery.

14.3 The electrolyte temperature of each pilot cell shall be read immediately prior to discharge. The individual readings shall be between 15 °C and 30 °C. The average initial temperature v is calculated as the arithmetic mean of the individual values. The ambient temperature shall be maintained between 15 °C and 30 °C.

NOTE It is desirable that the average initial electrolyte temperature v and the ambient temperature is as near to

the chosen reference temperature of 20 °C or 25 °C as practically possible.

14.4 Within 1 h to 24 h after the end of charging, the cells or the battery shall be subjected to a discharge current Irt (see 7.3).

This current shall be maintained constant within ±1 % throughout the whole discharge time. During discharging manual adjustments may be necessary. In these circumstances deviations of the discharge current shall be tolerated, provided they are within ±5 % of the specified value.

Test of suitability for floating battery operation

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having undergone the capacity test in accordance with Clause 14 and found to have an actual capacity Ca of at least Crt.

15.2 The cells or the battery shall be kept at an ambient temperature between 15 °C and 25 °C. The average temperature shall be as close to the reference temperature 20 °C as is

practically possible. The upper surface of the cells (lids) shall be kept clean and dry throughout the test.

15.3 The cells or the battery under test shall be submitted to a permanent floating charge at a voltage Uflo, in volts, specified by the manufacturer in the range of typically (2,14 to 2,25(±0,01)) n;

where n is the number of cells of the battery. The initial voltage of each individual cell (across the terminals) shall be noted.

15.4 After intervals of three months, the voltage and the electrolyte density of each cell is measured and noted. Also the position of the electrolyte levels between the maximum and

minimum marks of each cell is noted.

A cell shall be considered faulty if between two consecutive readings

− the variation of the voltage is greater than the value recommended by the manufacturer, and/or

− the variation of the electrolyte density is greater than the value recommended by the manufacturer.

15.5 A faulty cell which, after equalisation charge according to the manufacturer’s instructions, recovers to the initial density and voltage, is tolerated and shall be tested again.

The cell shall be definitively excluded from the test if differences in density or voltage recur after a new test period.

15.6 After six months of battery floating operation, the cells or battery shall be subjected to a capacity test as in 14.3 to 14.9.

15.7 In type-qualification tests, no cell shall be proven defective during the period of six months. For longer term tests, defective cells may be replaced by the manufacturer and the test shall be continued for another period of six months; no one cell shall be defective during this second six-month period.

Endurance in discharge-charge cycles

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16.1 The test shall be carried out on cells which, when tested in accordance with Clause 14, are found to have an actual capacity Ca of at least 100 % Crt.

16.2 Throughout the test, the cells shall be maintained at an ambient temperature between 15 °C and 25 °C. The average temperature shall be as close to the reference temperature 20 °C as is practically possible.

16.3 The cells shall be connected to a device where they undergo a continuous series of cycles, each one comprising

16.4 Purified water shall be added to the cells if the electrolyte level approaches the minimum mark.

16.5 After a series of N = 50 cycles (= 1 unit) the cells shall undergo a capacity test in accordance with 14.2 to 14.9.

16.6 Then the cells shall undergo another series of 50 cycles according to 16.3 to 16.5.

16.7 If the performance is stated as the number N of cycles to a residual capacity Ca = 0,8 C10 then the procedure of 16.3 to 16.5 shall be continued until the actual capacity Ca

has dropped below 0,8 C10.

Endurance in overcharge

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17.1 The test shall be carried out on six cells or monoblocs which, when tested in accordance with Clause 14, are found to have an actual capacity Ca of at least 100 % Crt

(Crt with t = 1 h to Uf = 1,60 V).

17.2 Throughout the test, the cells or monoblocs shall be maintained at an ambient temperature between 25 °C and 30 °C.

17.3 The cells or monoblocs shall be connected to a source of current and be overcharged with a constant current of I = 0,2 I10 ± 1 % (for example, 2 A for 100 Ah C10 to Uf = 1,80 V

and 20 °C).

The cells and monoblocs shall be interconnected using standard connector used in actual battery installations. The cell opening shall be closed with the appropriate electrolyte level indicators, vent plugs, flame barriers or similar.

17.4 Purified water shall be added to the cells if the electrolyte level approaches the minimum mark.

17.5 After 72h (= 1 unit) the cells and monoblocs shall have the electrolyte level adjusted to the maximum level and then undergo a capacity test in accordance with 14.2 to 14.9 with the following values:

− t = 1 h;

− discharge rate to Uf = 1,60 V;

− electrolyte temperature between 25 °C and 30 °C.

The actual capacity Ca shall be recorded and corrected to the appropriate reference temperature (20 °C or 25 °C).

17.6 After recharge the cells and monoblocs shall undergo another series of 72h of overcharge.

17.7 The procedure of 17.3 to 17.5 shall be continued until the temperature corrected actual capacity Ca has dropped below 0,8 Crt (Crt with t = 1 h to Uf = 1,60 V) after two consecutive 720 h periods. The number of overcharge units achieved (see 8.2) shall be reported as the number completed before the second time the temperature corrected actual capacity Ca was found to be below 0,8 Crt.

Charge retention test

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18.1 After having undergone the rated capacity test in accordance with Clause 14, and

having obtained an actual capacity Ca, at least equal to the rated capacity Crt, the cells or

batteries shall be prepared according to Clause 13. The upper surface of the cells (lids) shall be kept clean and dry throughout the test.

18.2 The cells or batteries shall be allowed to remain without a connected circuit for a period of 90 days, during which time the average temperature of the electrolyte shall be maintained at (20 ± 2) °C. During this time, the maximum electrolyte temperature shall not exceed 25 °C, and the minimum shall be not less than 15 °C.

18.3 After 90 days of storage without a circuit, the cells or batteries shall undergo a capacity test in accordance with 14.2 to 14.9. The measured capacity shall be corrected in accordance with the equation in 14.8 to obtain C′a.

Short-circuit current and internal resistance determination

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19.1 The test shall be carried out on a minimum of three cells which, after submission to the capacity test in accordance with Clause 14, have been found to have a capacity Ca, or at least Crt.

19.2 After preparation in accordance with Clause 13, the cells or batteries shall be placed in a chamber at the appropriate ambient temperature until the temperature of the electrolyte reaches (20 ± 2) °C.

19.3 The discharge characteristic U = f(I) shall then be established by determining two of its points in the following way.

19.3.1 First point (U1, I1)

After 20 s discharge at a current I1 = 4 I10 … 6 I10 (A) the voltage and current are read and give the first point. The discharge shall be interrupted after 25 s maximum; without recharging and, after an open-circuit stand of 2 min to 5 min, the second point is determined.

19.3.2 Second point (U2, I2)

After 5 s discharge at a current I2 = 20 I10 … 40 I10 (A) the voltage and current are read and give the second point.

19.4 The characteristic U = f(l) is linearly extrapolated to U = 0 (V). The intercept indicates the short-circuit current Isc. The internal resistance (Ri) may also be determined.