|
项目名称
|
章节号
|
测试方法
|
|
20 hour capacity check Ce
|
9.1
|
9.1.1 Throughout the duration of the tests, the battery shall be placed in a water bath at a temperature of 25 °C ± 2 °C. The terminal base of the battery shall be at least 15 mm but no more than 25 mm above the level of the water. If several batteries are in the same water bath
then the distance between them and also the distance to the walls of the bath shall be at least 25 mm.
9.1.2 The battery shall be discharged with the current In (calculated according to 7.1.2) kept constant at ±2 % of the nominal value until the terminal voltage falls to 10,50 V ± 0,05 V. The duration t (h) of the discharge shall be recorded. The beginning of the discharge shall
take place between 1 h to 5 h after the completion of charging according to 8.2.
The battery temperature, measured in one of the middle cells, if applicable, shall be 25 ºC ±2 ºC before the discharge begins.
|
|
Reserve capacity check Cr,e
|
9.2
|
9.2.1 Throughout the duration of the tests, the battery shall be placed in a water bath at a temperature of 25 °C ± 2 °C. The terminal base of the battery shall be at least 15 mm but no more than 25 mm above the level of the water. If several batteries are in the same water bath
then the distance between them and also the distance to the walls of the bath shall be at least 25 mm.
9.2.2 The battery shall be discharged with a current 25 A ± 1 % until the terminal voltage falls to 10,50 V ± 0,05 V. The duration t (in minutes) of the discharge shall be recorded. The beginning of the discharge shall take place between 1 h to 5 h after the completion of
charging according to 8.2.
|
|
Cranking performance test – Standard temperature
|
9.3.1
|
9.3.1.1 After a rest period of up to 24h after preparation according to 6.2, the battery shall be placed in a cooling chamber with (forced) air circulation at a temperature of –18 °C ± 1 °C until the temperature in one of the middle cells has reached –18 °C ± 1 °C.
9.3.1.2 The battery shall then be discharged, either within or outside the cooling chamber, within 2 min after the end of the cooling period with a current Icc (see 7.1.1). This current shall be kept constant to within ±0,5 % during the discharge.
9.3.1.3 After 10 s discharge, the terminal voltage Uf10s shall be recorded. After 30 s discharge, the terminal voltage Uf30s shall also be recorded and the current shall be cut off.
NOTE Subclauses 9.3.1.1 to 9.3.1.3 comprise stage 1 of the cranking performance test.
9.3.1.4 The test shall be continued after a rest time of 20 s 1s.
9.3.1.5 The battery shall then be discharged at 0,6 Icc. The current shall be kept constant to within 0,5 % during the discharge. The discharge shall be terminated when the battery voltage reaches 6V.
9.3.1.6 The discharge time (t6v), in seconds, at 0,6 Icc to 6V shall be recorded
|
|
2 Cranking performance test – Very cold climates
|
9.3.
|
This test shall be performed only if the battery is specified for very cold climate application by the manufacturer.
The test method is the same as defined above for the standard temperatures with
– cooling chamber temperature = –29 °C 1 °C;
– Icc for very cold climate rated on the battery label by the manufacturer
|
|
Charge acceptance test
|
9.4
|
9.4.1 The test shall be carried out on batteries which have been charged in accordance with 8.2.2 (vented batteries) or 8.2.4 (VRLA batteries).
9.4.2 The battery shall be placed in a water bath at a temperature of 25 °C ± 2 °C. The terminal base of the battery shall be at least 15 mm but no more than 25 mm above the level of the water. If several batteries are in the same water bath then the distance between them and also the distance to the walls of the bath shall be at least 25 mm.
9.4.3 The battery shall be discharged at a current Io:
I0 = Ce20 /10 h (A) for 5 h.
The value Ce shall be taken as the maximum value Ce of the three previous discharges according to 9.1,
9.4.4 Immediately after the discharge, the battery shall be cooled at a temperature of 0 °C ± 1 °C for a minimum of 20 h or until the temperature of one of the middle cells has reached 0 ºC ± 1 ºC .
9.4.5 At this temperature of 0 °C ± 1 °C, the battery shall be charged at a constant voltage of 14,40 V ± 0,10 V.
|
|
Charge retention test
|
9.5
|
9.5.1 A fully-charged battery (according to 8.2), with its vent plugs firmly in place and a clean dry surface, shall be stored at 40 °C ± 2 °C on open circuit for a time (t) defined in 9.5.3. No connecting clamps or cables shall be attached to the terminals.
9.5.2 After this storage period, the battery shall be submitted, without recharge, to a cranking performance test at –18 °C and a current I = 0,6 Icc.The voltage after 30 s (U30s) shall be recorded.
|
|
Corrosion test
|
9.6.1
|
9.6.1.1 The test shall be carried out on fully charged batteries in accordance with 8.2.2 (vented batteries) or 8.2.4 (VRLA), but with the times of the constant voltage charge being limited to 10 h.
9.6.1.2 The battery shall be placed in a water bath maintained at a temperature of 60 °C 2 °C. The terminal base of the battery shall be at least 15 mm but not more than 25 mm above the level of the water. If several batteries are in the same water bath then the distance between them and also the distance to the walls of the bath shall be at least 25 mm.
9.6.1.3 The battery, maintained at 60 °C ± 2 °C, shall be charged at a constant voltage of 14,00 V ± 0,10 V, for a period of 13 days.
9.6.1.4 The battery shall be stored on open circuit, still at 60 °C ± 2 °C, for a period of 13 days. No connecting clamps or cables shall be attached to the terminals.
9.6.1.5 The battery shall be cooled to reach 25ºC ±2ºC . Purified water shall be added, if possible, to maintain electrolyte level in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations (this does not apply to VRLA batteries).
9.6.1.6 The battery shall then be recharged in accordance with 8.2.2 (vented batteries) or 8.2.4 (VRLA) but with the times of the constant voltage charge being limited to 6 h.
9.6.1.7 The battery, maintained at 25 °C ± 2 °C, shall be stored for a rest period of 20 h.
9.6.1.8 The battery shall be discharged with a current of 0,6 Icc at 25 °C ± 2 °C for 30s.The
30s voltage shall be recorded.
9.6.1.9 The sequence 9.6.1.1 to 9.6.1.8 constitutes one corrosion test unit.
9.6.1.10 The whole sequence 9.6.1.1 to 9.6.1.8 shall be repeated and the test shall be terminated when the battery voltage reaches less than 7,2 V at 30 s with a current of 0,6 Icc in cranking test at 25 °C ± 2 °C (see 9.6.1.8).
|
|
Cycling test 1
|
9.6.2
|
9.6.2.1 Tests shall be carried out on fully charged batteries in accordance with 8.2.
9.6.2.2 Throughout the whole test period, with the exception of the rapid discharge test at the temperature of - 18 °C ± 1 °C, the battery shall be placed in a water bath at a temperature of 25° C ± 2 °C. The terminal base of the battery shall be at least 15 mm but not more than 25 mm above the level of the water. If several batteries are in the same water bath then the distance between them and also the distance to the walls of the bath shall be at least 25 mm.
9.6.2.3 Purified water shall be added to the battery as necessary during the test to maintain the electrolyte level in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations except for “low water loss”, “very low water loss” and VRLA batteries.
9.6.2.4 The batteries shall be connected to a device where they undergo a series of discharge/charge cycles for a required number of cycles, each cycle comprising:
a) a discharge for 1 hour at a current, in amperes, of I = 5 In,
b) immediately followed
– by a recharge for 2 h and 55 min at a voltage depending on the battery technology with its related water loss level (see Table 2) with a maximum current in amperes being limited to Imax = 10 In (see 7.1.2), and
– for 5 min at a constant current, in amperes, of I = 2,5 In (N,L,VL),
– for 5 min at a constant current, in amperes, of I = 0,5 In (VRLA).
9.6.2.5 The test shall be terminated if the battery voltage drops below 10,50 V during the discharge prior to completion of the required number of cycles (see Clause 10).
9.6.2.6 When the cycling is over, the battery shall be placed in a cooling chamber with (forced) air circulation at a temperature of –18 °C ± 1 °C for a minimum of 20 h or until the temperature in one of the middle cells has reached –18 °C ± 1 °C.
9.6.2.7 The battery shall then be discharged after the end of the cooling period with a current 0,6 Icc.
9.6.2.8 After 30 s of discharge, the voltage across the battery terminals shall be measured. It shall not be less than 7,20 V. The discharge shall then be terminated.
|
|
Water consumption test
|
9.7
|
9.7.1 The battery, after being charged according to 8.2, shall be cleaned, dried and weighed to an accuracy of ±0,05 % (W1).
9.7.2 The battery shall be placed in a water bath maintained at a temperature of 40 °C ± 2 °C under the same conditions as in 9.6.1.
9.7.3 The battery shall be charged at a constant voltage of 14,40 V ± 0,05 V (measured across the battery terminals) for a period of 500 h.
9.7.4 Immediately after this overcharge period, the battery shall be weighed under the same conditions as in 9.7.1 with the same scales (W2).
9.7.5 The ratio (W1-W2)/Cn shall be calculated and compared against the requirements listed in Clause 10.
|
|
Vibration resistance test
|
9.8
|
25 °C ± 2 °C.
9.8.2 The battery shall be fastened rigidly to the table of the vibration tester. The fastening shall be of the same type as that used on a vehicle and secured by either
– the bottom hold-downs or ledges on the lower part of the container and suitable hold-down clamps and bolts with M8 thread, tightened to a torque of between 15 Nm and 25 Nm, or
– an angle-iron frame covering the upper edges of the battery case/cover assembly for a minimum width of X mm (see table 5), connected to the vibration table by four screwed rods with M8 thread, tightened to a torque of between 8 Nm and 12 Nm.
9.8.3 The battery shall be subjected for a period of T (h) (see table 6) to a vertical vibration of a frequency of 30 Hz 2 Hz, these vibrations being as nearly sinusoidal as possible. The maximum acceleration on the battery shall reach the value Z (see table 6).
NOTE The battery temperature throughout the vibration shall be between 20 ºC and 30 ºC.
9.8.4 After a maximum of 4 h after the end of the vibration, the battery shall be subjected, without recharge, to a discharge at a temperature of 25 °C ± 2 °C with a current I=Icc. The terminal voltage after 30s (U30s) discharge shall be recorded. The discharge shall then be terminated.
|
|
Electrolyte retention test
|
9.9
|
9.9.1 After charging according to 8.2, the battery shall be stored for 4 h on open circuit at a temperature of 25 °C ± 2 °C.
9.9.2 If necessary, the electrolyte level of each cell shall be adjusted to the maximum with purified water. The external surfaces of the battery shall be cleaned and dried.
9.9.3 The battery shall then be tilted in each of the four directions at intervals of not less than 30 s between each tilting as follows:
a) the battery shall be tilted through 45° from the vertical in a maximum period of 1 s;
b) the battery shall be maintained in this position for 3 s;
c) the battery shall be returned to the vertical position in a maximum period of 1 s.
9.9.4 Throughout the tests described in clause 9.9.3 , the battery must be examined for any sign of electrolyte leaking from the battery. The observations shall be recorded.
|
|
Cranking performance for dry-charged (or conserved-charge) batteries after
activation
|
9.10
|
9.10.1 The dry-charged battery and a sufficient amount of electrolyte supplied by the manufacturer, or according to the manufacturer's specifications, shall be stored at 25 °C ± 2 °C for at least 12 h (before filling).
9.10.2 The battery shall be filled with its electrolyte up to the level indicated by the manufacturer. After a rest period of 20 min at the same ambient temperature, the battery shall be discharged at a current I= Icc. for 30s.
The voltage after a discharge period of 30s (U30s) shall be recorded. The discharge shall then be terminated.
|